Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer ke eng?

Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer ke eng?

Polyurethane elastomer ke mefuta e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tsa maiketsetso tsa polyurethane (mefuta e meng e bua ka foam ea polyurethane, sekhomaretsi sa polyurethane, coating ea polyurethane le fiber ea polyurethane), le Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e meraro ea polyurethane elastomer, Batho ba e bitsa TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer). mefuta e meng e 'meli e meholo ea li-elastomer tsa polyurethane ke li-elastomer tse entsoeng ka polyurethane, tse khutsufalitsoeng e le CPU, 'me li tsoakane. polyurethane elastomers, e khutsufalitsoeng joalo ka MPU).

TPU ke mofuta oa polyurethane elastomer e ka etsoang polasetiki ka ho futhumatsa le ho qhibiliha ka solvent. Ha e bapisoa le CPU le MPU, TPU e na le lik'hemik'hale tse fokolang kapa ha li na lik'hemik'hale tse kopanyang sebopeho sa eona sa lik'hemik'hale. Ketane ea eona ea limolek'hule e na le mela, empa ho na le palo e itseng ea khokahano ea 'mele. Ena ke Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer e ikhethang haholo ka sebopeho.

Sebopeho le lihlopha tsa TPU

Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer ke (AB) block linear polymer. A e emela polymer polyol (ester kapa polyether, boima ba molek'hule ea 1000 ~ 6000) e nang le boima bo phahameng ba molek'hule, e bitsoang ketane e telele; B e emetse diol e nang le liathomo tsa carbon tse 2-12 tse otlolohileng, tse bitsoang ketane e khuts'oane.

Sebopeho sa Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, karolo ea A e bitsoa karolo e bonolo, e nang le litšobotsi tsa ho feto-fetoha ha maemo le bonolo, ho etsa hore TPU e be le ho atolosa; Ketane ea urethane e hlahisoang ke karabelo pakeng tsa karolo ea B le isocyanate e bitsoa karolo e thata, e nang le thepa e thata le e thata. Ka ho lokisa karo-karolelano ea likarolo tsa A le B, lihlahisoa tsa TPU tse nang le thepa e fapaneng ea 'mele le ea mochini li etsoa.

Ho ea ka sebopeho sa karolo e bonolo, e ka aroloa ka mofuta oa polyester, mofuta oa polyether, le mofuta oa butadiene, oo ka ho latellana o nang le sehlopha sa ester, sehlopha sa ether, kapa sehlopha sa butene. Ho latela sebopeho sa karolo e thata, e ka aroloa ka mofuta oa urethane le mofuta oa urethane urea, tse fumanoang ka ho latellana ho tsoa ho ethylene glycol chain extenders kapa diamine chain extenders. Sehlopha se tloaelehileng se arotsoe ka mofuta oa polyester le mofuta oa polyether.

Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa TPU synthesis ke life?

(1) Polymer Diol

Macromolecular diol e nang le boima ba limolek'hule ho tloha ho 500 ho isa ho 4000 le lihlopha tse sa sebetseng habeli, tse nang le litaba tsa 50% ho isa ho 80% ho TPU elastomer, li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho thepa ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale ea TPU.

Diol ea polymer e loketseng TPU elastomer e ka aroloa ka polyester le polyether: polyester e kenyelletsa polytetramethylene Adipic acid glycol (PBA) ε PCL, PHC; Polyethers e kenyelletsa polyoxypropylene ether glycol (PPG), tetrahydrofuran polyether glycol (PTMG), joalo-joalo.

(2) Diisocyanate

Boima ba limolek'hule bo nyane empa ts'ebetso e tsoteha, e sa bapaleng feela karolo ea ho hokahanya karolo e bonolo le karolo e thata, empa hape e fa TPU ka thepa e fapaneng e ntle ea 'mele le ea mochini. Li-diisocyanate tse sebetsang ho TPU ke: Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), methylene bis (-4-cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI), p-phenyldiisocyanate (PPDI), 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), p-phenyldimethyl diisocyanate. PXDI), joalo-joalo.

(3) Chain extender

The chain extender e nang le boima ba molek'hule ea 100 ~ 350, ea Diol e nyenyane ea molek'hule, boima ba molek'hule e nyenyane, mohaho o bulehileng oa ketane 'me ha ho sehlopha se seng sa sebaka se loketseng ho fumana boima bo phahameng le boima bo phahameng ba scalar ba TPU. Lisebelisoa tsa ketane tse loketseng TPU li kenyelletsa 1,4-butanediol (BDO), 1,4-bis (2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene (HQEE), 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), p-phenyldimethylglycol (PXG), joalo-joalo.

Phetoho Kopo ea TPU joalo ka Moemeli ea Toughening

Bakeng sa ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa sehlahisoa le ho fumana ts'ebetso e eketsehileng, li-elastomer tsa polyurethane thermoplastic li ka sebelisoa e le li-toughening agents ho tiisa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa rabara tsa thermoplastic le tse fetotsoeng.

Ka lebaka la polarity e phahameng, polyurethane e ka lumellana le li-resin tsa polar kapa li-rubber, tse kang chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), e ka sebelisoang ho etsa lihlahisoa tsa bongaka; Ho kopanya le ABS ho ka nka sebaka sa thermoplastics ea boenjiniere bakeng sa tšebeliso; Ha e sebelisoa hammoho le polycarbonate (PC), e na le thepa e kang ho hanyetsa oli, ho hanyetsa mafura, le ho hanyetsa tšusumetso, 'me e ka sebelisoa ho etsa litopo tsa koloi; Ha e kopantsoe le polyester, ho tiea ha eona ho ka ntlafatsoa; Ho phaella moo, e ka lumellana hantle le PVC, Polyoxymethylene kapa PVDC; Polyester polyurethane e ka lumellana hantle le 15% Nitrile rabara kapa 40% ea nitrile rabara / PVC motsoako; Polyether polyurethane e ka boela ea lumellana hantle le 40% ea nitrile rabara / polyvinyl chloride motsoako oa sekhomaretsi; E ka boela ea lumellana le li-copolymers tsa acrylonitrile styrene (SAN); E ka theha meaho ea marang-rang a interpenetrating (IPN) e nang le li-polysiloxane tse sebetsang. Bongata bo boholo ba likhomaretsi tse kopantsoeng tse boletsoeng ka holimo li se li hlahisitsoe ka molao.

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho bile le lipatlisiso tse ntseng li eketseha mabapi le ho tiea ha POM ke TPU naheng ea China. Ho kopanngoa ha TPU le POM ha ho ntlafatse feela ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le thepa ea mochine ea TPU, empa hape e thatafatsa POM haholo. Bafuputsi ba bang ba bontšitse hore litekong tse thata tsa fracture, ha li bapisoa le POM matrix, motsoako oa POM o nang le TPU o fetohile ho tloha ho brittle fracture ho ea ho ductile fracture. Keketso ea TPU e boetse e fana ka POM ka ts'ebetso ea memori ea sebopeho. Sebaka sa crystalline sa POM se sebetsa e le karolo e tsitsitseng ea motsoako oa memori ea sebopeho, ha sebaka sa amorphous sa TPU le POM se sebetsa e le mohato o khutlisetsoang morao. Ha mocheso oa karabo ea ho hlaphoheloa o le 165 ℃ 'me nako ea ho hlaphoheloa ke metsotsoana e 120, tekanyo ea ho hlaphoheloa ea alloy e fihla ho feta 95%,' me phello ea ho hlaphoheloa ke eona e molemo ka ho fetisisa.

TPU e thata ho lumellana le lisebelisoa tse se nang polar tse kang polyethylene, polypropylene, rabara ea Ethylene propylene, rabara ea butadiene, rabara ea isoprene kapa phofo ea rabara ea litšila, 'me e ke ke ea sebelisoa ho hlahisa metsoako e nang le ts'ebetso e ntle. Ka hona, mekhoa ea phekolo ea holim'a metsi e kang plasma, corona, chemistry ea metsi, primer, lelakabe kapa khase e sebetsang hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho qetela. Ka mohlala, American Air Products and Chemicals Company e entse F2/O2 e sebetsang ka holim'a khase ka holim'a polyethylene e boima ba molek'hule phofo e nang le boima ba limolek'hule tse limilione tse 3-5, 'me ea e eketsa ho polyurethane elastomer ka karolelano ea 10. %, e ka ntlafatsang haholo modulus ea eona ea Flexural, matla a thata le ho hanyetsa ho roala. 'Me phekolo ea khase e sebetsang ea F2 / O2 e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho likhoele tse khutšoanyane tse telele tse nang le bolelele ba 6-35mm, tse ka ntlafatsang ho satalla le ho tabola ho thata ha thepa e kopantsoeng.

Libaka tsa ts'ebeliso ea TPU ke life?

Ka 1958, Goodrich Chemical Company (eo hona joale e bitsoang Lubrizol) e ile ea ngolisa lets'oao la TPU la Estane lekhetlo la pele. Lilemong tse 40 tse fetileng, ho bile le mabitso a marang-rang a fetang 20 lefatšeng ka bophara, 'me mofuta o mong le o mong o na le letoto la lihlahisoa tse' maloa. Hajoale, baetsi ba mantlha ba thepa e tala ea TPU lefatšeng ke: BASF, Covestro, Lubrizol, Huntsman Corporation, McKinsey, Golding, jj.

Joalo ka elastomer e ntle haholo, TPU e na le mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa tse tlase, tse sebelisoang haholo litlhoko tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, thepa ea lipapali, lintho tsa ho bapala, lisebelisoa tsa mekhabiso le masimo a mang. Ka tlaase ke mehlala e seng mekae.

① Lisebelisoa tsa lieta

TPU e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa lieta ka lebaka la elasticity ea eona e babatsehang le ho hanyetsa ho apara. Lihlahisoa tsa lieta tse nang le TPU li phutholohile ho feta lihlahisoa tsa lieta tse tloaelehileng, kahoo li sebelisoa haholo lihlahisoa tsa lieta tsa boemo bo phahameng, haholo-holo lieta tse ling tsa lipapali le lieta tse tloaelehileng.

② Hose

Ka lebaka la bonolo ba eona, matla a matle a ho tsitsa, matla a tšusumetso, le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le o tlaase, li-hose tsa TPU li sebelisoa haholo Chaena e le liphaephe tsa khase le oli bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa mechine tse kang lifofane, litanka, likoloi, lithuthuthu le lisebelisoa tsa mochine.

③ Cable

TPU e fana ka khanyetso ea meokho, ho hanyetsa ho roala, le litšoaneleho tsa ho kobeha, ka ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le o tlase e le senotlolo sa ts'ebetso ea cable. Kahoo 'marakeng oa Chaena, lithapo tse tsoetseng pele tse kang lithapo tsa taolo le likhoele tsa motlakase li sebelisa li-TPU ho sireletsa lisebelisoa tsa ho roala tsa meralo e rarahaneng ea likhoele,' me lits'ebetso tsa bona li ntse li ata haholo.

④ Lisebelisoa tsa bongaka

TPU ke thepa e nkelang sebaka sa PVC e bolokehileng, e tsitsitseng le ea boleng bo holimo, e ke keng ea ba le Phthalate le lintho tse ling tse kotsi tsa lik'hemik'hale, 'me e tla fallela maling kapa lino tse ling tse ka har'a catheter ea bongaka kapa mokotla oa bongaka ho baka litla-morao. Ho feta moo, TPU ea sehlopha sa extrusion e ntlafalitsoeng ka ho khetheha le kereiti ea ente e ka sebelisoa habonolo ka ho lokisa bothata ho lisebelisoa tse teng tsa PVC.

⑤ Likoloi le mekhoa e meng ea lipalangoang

Ka ho ntša le ho roala mahlakoreng ka bobeli a lesela la nylon le polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, lifofane tse hlaselang ntoa tse nang le inflatable le li-rafts tsa ho amohela batho ba 3-15 li ka etsoa, ​​​​ka ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ho feta rabara e nang le inflatable rafts; Polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer e matlafalitsoeng ka fiber ea khalase e ka sebelisoa ho etsa likarolo tsa 'mele tse kang likarolo tse bōpiloeng ka mahlakoreng a mabeli a koloi ka boeona, matlalo a mamati, li-bumpers, li-anti friction strips le li-grilles.