Elastomer ea Thermoplastic polyurethane ke eng?

Elastomer ea Thermoplastic polyurethane ke eng?

Elastomer ea polyurethane ke mefuta e fapaneng ea thepa ea maiketsetso ea polyurethane (mefuta e meng e bua ka foam ea polyurethane, sekhomaretsi sa polyurethane, seaparo sa polyurethane le fiber ea polyurethane), 'me elastomer ea Thermoplastic polyurethane ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e meraro ea elastomer ea polyurethane, Batho ba e bitsa TPU (mefuta e meng e 'meli e meholo ea elastomer ea polyurethane ke li-elastomer tsa polyurethane tse entsoeng ka cast, tse khutsufalitsoeng e le CPU, le li-elastomer tse kopantsoeng tsa polyurethane, tse khutsufalitsoeng e le MPU).

TPU ke mofuta oa elastomer ea polyurethane e ka fetoloang polasetiki ka ho futhumatsa le ho qhibiliha ka solvent. Ha e bapisoa le CPU le MPU, TPU e na le khokahano e nyane kapa ha e na eona ea lik'hemik'hale sebopehong sa eona sa lik'hemik'hale. Ketane ea eona ea limolek'hule ha e le hantle e otlolohileng, empa ho na le tekanyo e itseng ea khokahano ea 'mele. Ena ke elastomer ea polyurethane ea Thermoplastic e ikhethang haholo ka sebopeho.

Sebopeho le ho hlophisoa ha TPU

Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer ke polymer e otlolohileng ea (AB). A e emela polyol ea polymer (ester kapa polyether, boima ba limolek'hule ba 1000 ~ 6000) e nang le boima bo phahameng ba limolek'hule, e bitsoang ketane e telele; B e emela diol e nang le liathomo tsa carbon tsa ketane e otlolohileng tse 2-12, e bitsoang ketane e khutšoanyane.

Sebopehong sa elastomer ea polyurethane ea Thermoplastic, karolo ea A e bitsoa karolo e bonolo, e nang le litšobotsi tsa ho tenyetseha le bonolo, e leng se etsang hore TPU e be le katoloso; Ketane ea urethane e hlahisoang ke karabelo pakeng tsa karolo ea B le isocyanate e bitsoa karolo e thata, e nang le litšobotsi tse tiileng le tse thata. Ka ho fetola karolelano ea likarolo tsa A le B, lihlahisoa tsa TPU tse nang le litšobotsi tse fapaneng tsa 'mele le tsa mechine lia etsoa.

Ho ya ka sebopeho sa karolo e bonolo, e ka arolwa ka mofuta wa polyester, mofuta wa polyether, le mofuta wa butadiene, tse nang le sehlopha sa ester, sehlopha sa ether, kapa sehlopha sa butene ka ho latellana. Ho ya ka sebopeho sa karolo e thata, e ka arolwa ka mofuta wa urethane le mofuta wa urethane wa urea, tse fumanwang ho tswa ho di-extender tsa ketane ya ethylene glycol kapa di-extender tsa ketane ya diamine ka ho latellana. Sehlopha se tlwaelehileng se arotswe ka mofuta wa polyester le mofuta wa polyether.

Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa ho kopanya TPU ke life?

(1) Polymer Diol

Diol ea macromolecular e nang le boima ba limolek'hule bo tlohang ho 500 ho isa ho 4000 le lihlopha tse sebetsang habeli, tse nang le 50% ho isa ho 80% ho elastomer ea TPU, e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa litšobotsing tsa 'mele le tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa TPU.

Polymer Diol e loketseng TPU elastomer e ka aroloa ka polyester le polyether: polyester e kenyelletsa polytetramethylene Adipic acid glycol (PBA) ε PCL, PHC; Polyethers e kenyelletsa polyoxypropylene ether glycol (PPG), tetrahydrofuran polyether glycol (PTMG), jj.

(2) Diisocyanate

Boima ba limolek'hule bo bonyenyane empa mosebetsi oa bona o ikhetha, e leng se sa bapaleng feela karolo ea ho hokahanya karolo e bonolo le karolo e thata, empa hape se fa TPU thepa e fapaneng e ntle ea 'mele le ea mechine. Li-diisocyanate tse sebetsang ho TPU ke: Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), methylene bis (-4-cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI), p-phenyldiisocyanate (PPDI), 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), p-phenyldimethyl diisocyanate (PXDI), jj.

(3) Sesebelisoa sa ho atolosa ketane

Sehokelo sa ketane se nang le boima ba limolek'hule ba 100 ~ 350, se tsoa ho Diol e nyane ea limolek'hule, boima bo bonyenyane ba limolek'hule, sebopeho sa ketane e bulehileng le sehlopha se se nang sebaka se thusa ho fumana boima bo phahameng le boima bo phahameng ba scalar ba TPU. Sehokelo sa ketane se loketseng TPU se kenyelletsa 1,4-butanediol (BDO), 1,4-bis (2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene (HQEE), 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), p-phenyldimethylglycol (PXG), jj.

Tšebeliso ea Phetoho ea TPU e le Moemeli ea Matlafatsang

E le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa sehlahisoa le ho fumana ts'ebetso e eketsehileng, li-elastomer tsa thermoplastic tsa polyurethane li ka sebelisoa e le li-toughening agent tse sebelisoang hangata ho tiisa thepa e fapaneng ea thermoplastic le rabara e fetotsoeng.

Ka lebaka la polarity ea eona e phahameng, polyurethane e ka lumellana le li-resin tsa polar kapa li-raber, tse kang polyethylene e nang le chlorinated (CPE), e ka sebelisoang ho etsa lihlahisoa tsa bongaka; Ho kopanya le ABS ho ka nka sebaka sa thermoplastics ea boenjiniere bakeng sa tšebeliso; Ha e sebelisoa hammoho le polycarbonate (PC), e na le litšobotsi tse kang ho hanyetsa oli, ho hanyetsa mafura, le ho hanyetsa tšusumetso, 'me e ka sebelisoa ho etsa 'mele ea likoloi; Ha e kopantsoe le polyester, ho tiea ha eona ho ka ntlafatsoa; Ho phaella moo, e ka lumellana hantle le PVC, Polyoxymethylene kapa PVDC; Polyester polyurethane e ka lumellana hantle le rabara ea Nitrile ea 15% kapa motsoako oa rabara ea nitrile/PVC oa 40%; Polyether polyurethane e ka boela ea lumellana hantle le sekhomaretsi sa motsoako oa rabara/polyvinyl chloride sa 40% sa nitrile; E ka boela ea lumellana hantle le li-copolymer tsa acrylonitrile styrene (SAN); E ka theha meaho ea marang-rang a kenellang (IPN) ka li-polysiloxanes tse arabelang. Bongata ba likhomaretsi tse kopantsoeng tse boletsoeng ka holimo li se li hlahisitsoe ka molao.

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho bile le dipatlisiso tse ntseng di eketseha mabapi le ho tiea ha POM ke TPU Chaena. Ho kopanya TPU le POM ha ho ntlafatse feela khanyetso ya mocheso o phahameng le thepa ya mechini ya TPU, empa hape ho tiisa POM haholo. Bafuputsi ba bang ba bontshitse hore ditekong tsa ho robeha ha tensile, ha ho bapiswa le matrix ya POM, motswako wa POM o nang le TPU o fetotse ho tloha ho robeheng ha brittle ho ya ho robeheng ha ductile. Ho eketswa ha TPU ho boetse ho fa POM tshebetso ya memori ya sebopeho. Sebaka sa kristale sa POM se sebetsa e le karolo e tsitsitseng ya motswako wa memori ya sebopeho, ha sebaka se sa fetoheng sa TPU le POM e sa fetoheng se sebetsa e le karolo e ka kgutliswang. Ha mocheso wa karabelo ya ho hlaphoheloa o le 165 ℃ mme nako ya ho hlaphoheloa e le metsotswana e 120, sekgahla sa ho hlaphoheloa ha motswako se fihla ho feta 95%, mme phello ya ho hlaphoheloa e molemo ka ho fetisisa.

TPU e thata ho e tsamaisana le thepa ea polymer e seng ea polar joalo ka polyethylene, polypropylene, rabara ea propylene ea Ethylene, rabara ea butadiene, rabara ea isoprene kapa phofo ea rabara e senyehileng, 'me e ke ke ea sebelisoa ho hlahisa metsoako e nang le ts'ebetso e ntle. Ka hona, mekhoa ea kalafo ea bokaholimo joalo ka plasma, corona, Wet chemistry, primer, flame kapa khase e arabelang hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa ea morao-rao. Mohlala, American Air Products and Chemicals Company e entse kalafo ea bokaholimo ba khase e sebetsang ea F2/O2 holim'a phofo e ntle ea polyethylene e boima ba limolek'hule e nang le boima ba limolek'hule ba limilione tse 3-5, 'me ea e eketsa ho polyurethane elastomer ka karolelano ea 10%, e leng se ka ntlafatsang haholo modulus ea eona ea Flexural, matla a ho tensile le ho hanyetsa ho tsofala. 'Me kalafo ea bokaholimo ba khase e sebetsang ea F2/O2 e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho likhoele tse khutšoane tse telele tse bolelele ba 6-35mm, tse ka ntlafatsang ho tiea le ho taboha ha thepa e kopaneng.

Libaka tsa ts'ebeliso tsa TPU ke life?

Ka 1958, Goodrich Chemical Company (eo hona joale e seng e reiloe lebitso la Lubrizol) e ngolisitse mofuta oa TPU Estane ka lekhetlo la pele. Lilemong tse 40 tse fetileng, ho bile le mabitso a mabitso a fetang 20 lefatšeng ka bophara, 'me mofuta ka mong o na le letoto la lihlahisoa tse 'maloa. Hona joale, bahlahisi ba ka sehloohong ba thepa e tala ea TPU lefatšeng ke: BASF, Covestro, Lubrizol, Huntsman Corporation, McKinsey, Golding, jj.

Jwalo ka elastomer e ntle haholo, TPU e na le mefuta e mengata ya dihlahiswa tse latelang, tse sebediswang haholo dinthong tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, dintho tsa dipapadi, dintho tsa ho bapala, thepa ya mekhabiso le mafapha a mang. Ka tlase ke mehlala e mmalwa.

① Thepa ea lieta

TPU e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa thepa ea lieta ka lebaka la ho tenyetseha ha eona ho hoholo le ho hanyetsa ho tsofala. Lihlahisoa tsa lieta tse nang le TPU li phutholoha haholo ho li apara ho feta lihlahisoa tsa lieta tse tloaelehileng, kahoo li sebelisoa haholo lihlahisoa tsa lieta tsa maemo a holimo, haholo-holo lieta tse ling tsa lipapali le lieta tse tloaelehileng.

② Liphaephe

Ka lebaka la bonolo ba eona, matla a ho thapolla a matle, matla a ho thulana, le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le o tlase, liphaephe tsa TPU li sebelisoa haholo Chaena e le liphaephe tsa khase le oli bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa mechini tse kang lifofane, litanka, likoloi, lithuthuthu le lisebelisoa tsa mechini.

③ Thapo

TPU e fana ka ho hanyetsa meokho, ho hanyetsa ho tsofala, le litšobotsi tsa ho kobeha, 'me ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le o tlase e le senotlolo sa ts'ebetso ea cable. Kahoo 'marakeng oa Chaena, likhoele tse tsoetseng pele joalo ka likhoele tsa taolo le likhoele tsa motlakase li sebelisa li-TPU ho sireletsa thepa ea ho roala ea meralo e rarahaneng ea cable,' me lits'ebetso tsa tsona li ntse li ata haholo.

④ Lisebelisoa tsa bongaka

TPU ke thepa e bolokehileng, e tsitsitseng le ea boleng bo holimo ea PVC e nkelang sebaka, e ke keng ea ba le Phthalate le lintho tse ling tse kotsi tsa lik'hemik'hale, 'me e tla fetela maling kapa maro a mang ka har'a catheter ea bongaka kapa mokotla oa bongaka ho baka litla-morao. Ho feta moo, TPU ea sehlopha sa extrusion e ntlafalitsoeng ka ho khetheha le sehlopha sa ente e ka sebelisoa habonolo ka ho lokisa liphoso tse nyane lisebelisoa tse teng tsa PVC.

⑤ Likoloi le mekhoa e meng ea lipalangoang

Ka ho ntša le ho maneha mahlakore ka bobeli a lesela la nylon ka polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, ho ka etsoa li-raft tsa tlhaselo ea ntoa tse ka bulehang le li-raft tsa tlhahlobo tse jereng batho ba 3-15, ka ts'ebetso e betere haholo ho feta li-raft tsa rabara tse ka bulehang tse entsoeng ka vulcanized; Elastomer ea polyurethane thermoplastic e matlafalitsoeng ka faeba ea khalase e ka sebelisoa ho etsa likarolo tsa 'mele tse kang likarolo tse bōpiloeng mahlakoreng ka bobeli a koloi ka boeona, matlalo a mamati, li-bumper, li-strips tse thibelang khohlano le li-grille.